What Do You Really Know About Your Dog's Sleeping Behaviors?

There is something about watching your dog sleep that is comforting and sometimes even comical. Do you know, several of your dog's sleep behaviors are similar to ours and others are inherent?

The average dog sleeps 12 - 13 hours per day. It may not seem that way, but puppies snooze even longer! That is almost half their life! Dogs are skillful at catching a few winks whenever they can. That form of napping is similar to Stage 1 sleep, where they are sleeping, but just barely.

Sleep is a vital part of the health, physical and emotional well-being of your dog's life. It is during sleep that puppies grow, wounds heal and energy is conserved and stored for what lies ahead.

Companion dogs kept indoors, sleep longer and deeper than dogs kept outdoors and working dogs. Dogs kept outdoors and working dogs try to slip in an extra nap here or there, but rarely relax enough to reach a healthy, deep, restful sleep.

Do Dogs Dream?

It appears dogs follow similar stages of sleep as humans. Stage 1, is barely sleeping. This is where most outdoor dogs, wild dogs and working dogs sleep. At Stage 2, the animal's blood pressure, heart rate, breathing, and body temperatures gradually lower. Stage 3 is a transitional state between light and deep sleep. Stage 4 is the slow wave stage where usually the dog is now oblivious to their surroundings. If awakened suddenly, they often appear confused. Stag 5 is where the fun begins! This is the REM (Rapid Eye Movement) phase of sleep. Here, their body relaxes, but their brain remains active. At this stage, your dog's eyes roll under the lids and they slowly ease into those dreams we find so amusing. They whimper, growl, make lapping and eating sounds and motions, whine, bark, and/or appear to be chasing something!

Most indoor dogs spend up to 12% of their sleeping time in REM. Puppies spend a greater percentage of time in REM. During this stage, it is thought puppies process and merge what they are learning every day, into behaviors they will follow.

Interestingly, smaller dogs tend to dream more than their larger cousins.

Shaking during sleep can be perfectly normal for the average dog. Dogs that have suffered trauma and puppies removed from their mom too soon, may also shake in their sleep. Shaking could also be an indicator of health problems in dogs, such as hypothyroidism, pain, chills, and gastrointestinal discomfort.

If your dog is shaking while sleeping, calmly call their name and gently pet or touch them, to reassure them that everything is OK. Do not shake them awake! It is not known, if dogs have nightmares, but given the fact many rescues and dogs that have suffered severe physical and emotional trauma shake in their sleep, a little assurance goes a long way.

Favored Positions of a Sleeping Dog

The sleeping position of your dog tells you a lot about him or her. Some like to sleep on their stomachs, almost like in a "down" position. This allows them to jump up at the slightest perceived threat or fact they may be missing out on what you are doing.

Others prefer sleeping on their side. This is a restful position. Your dog is comfortable with their surroundings.

Then we have the "Superdog" sleeper. They choose sleeping stretched out, on their stomachs. They look like they are flying. They are in a restful sleep, but ready to go as soon as they hear you move!

The most inherent position for sleeping is curling up. You will see this as a favorite sleeping position of dogs kept outdoors. You will find them curled up into a ball, with their paws under their body and their tail wrapped around their face. It is the least vulnerable and least restful position for sleep. They are conserving body heat, they protecting limbs, face, throat and vital organs. This position gives them the advantage to be on their feet immediately. The dog's muscles are tense and ready to spring into action, if need be. Dogs that sleep in this position rarely relax enough to drift into the REM stage.

Curling is the normal sleeping position for wild dogs and wolves packing together. It offers a sleeping position for awareness upon awakening as their senses are heightened to movements, sounds and scents. They conserve space in the den; protect their offspring and share body heat. You will notice even most domesticated puppies inherently curl up together or around their mother.

Finally, we have what looks the "dead roach" position. There are dogs that favor sleeping on their backs; with their legs in the air...looking just like a dead cockroach! This is the position found only in a very secure and confident indoor pet. Sleeping on their back is the most vulnerable position for a dog to sleep. It is thought to be the most comfortable and most restful position. Plus, it's your dog's way of cooling down quickly. Indoor dogs that have expended lots of energy and/or are over-heated will sleep on their backs.

The sleeping on their back position has not been observed as behavior exhibited by dogs or wolves in the wild. Dogs kept outdoors will not sleep in this position either. This position sends a message of vulnerability and submission.

It should be noted; dogs sleeping on their backs with their paws "protecting" their chest are indicating they prefer not to be bothered. Use caution when suddenly awakening any dog sleeping in this position!

Now that you know more about what goes on when your dog sleeps, you will have some insight about their confidence and sense of well being. In addition, it will give you a clue of why your dog behaves the way it does, when they are awake.

Bottom line: Comfort equals healthier, more and deeper sleep. Whatever sleeping position your dog prefers, make sure their sleeping accommodations are safe and comfortable. A dog that is well rested is generally healthier and happier.

What to Do When You Think Your Dog Is Sick

If your dog has been looking a little bit under the weather, it's sometimes tricky to figure out whether you need to seek immediate medical attention, or whether you can wait and see. If your dog displays any of these symptoms, then you will need to take him or her to the vet immediately: 

• Vomiting
• Abdominal distress
• Diarrhea
• Seizures
• Excessive drooling or saliva production
• Gagging or dry heaving
• Coughing
• Paralysis or lameness
• Coma or unconsciousness
• Unusual aggressiveness towards people or animals
• Delirium or confusion (knocking into furniture or objects)
• Visible injuries (swelling, broken bones, open wounds)

All of these symptoms indicate that there could be a very serious medical condition, that will need professional treatment. They may also indicate that your dog has been physically injured, or poisoned, and again, immediate, professional care is imperative.

Pay Attention

A good rule of thumb, for all pet owners, is to pay attention to your dogs' regular behaviour. You'll soon learn what is normal for your dog, and when something out of the ordinary is going on, you'll be able to pick it up quickly.

Since speed is often of the essence when injuries or illnesses are present in dogs, it's important that you act quickly, and knowing what to look for is important.

If You Choose to Wait

If you decide that your dog doesn't look that sick, or if he or she is acting strange, but there are no visible signs of injury or illness, you might decide to wait and see whether he or she is simply under the weather. Or maybe you are unable to take immediate action. 

• If that is the case, then you will want to follow these guidelines:
• Seperate your dog from other pets and animals.
• Keep him or her in a quiet, isolated place.
• Monitor your dog's condition regularly - every half hour to an hour is best.
• Ensure that your dog has lots of clean water, but don't try to force food on him or her if he or she is not hungry.

If your dog's condition does not worsen, then whatever it is that is affecting him or her may not be too serious. However, if you choose to follow these directions, and you notice that your dog's condition is deteriorating, then you will still need to seek the care and advice of a veterinarian.

So if you think your dog is sick, your decision on what to do should be based entirely on your dog's condition, and whatever you do, it should be done immediately after your suspicions are aroused.

Increase Your Small Dog Training Knowledge

Dogs are one of the most intelligent creatures and can learn new things fast, especially if they are trained properly. Today we are going to talk about small dog training. It is quite different than training large breed dogs. Because small dog breeds don't need to be trained for hunting or for guarding your house from strangers. 

Their primary role is to serve as companion to you, as a friend. Plus such dogs are usually kept inside the house for most of the time, so small dog training does have some major differences. So, how to train a small dog? Read on, and learn.

Small dog training is especially effective when a dog is still a puppy. Let's say you just got one puppy. Bring him home and let him roam around freely. During first few weeks puppy will get accustomed with environment. It's important to leave him at home as much as possible, taking him outside only for doing "toilet training". That way the dog will get used to live in a house, and will not be tempted to run outside for no reason.

If your dog will run outside each time when he needs to pee, you will need to reward him for doing this, with something positive. If he doesn't live your house for doing it, you will need to show him the right way. This area isn't any different for small dog training.

Another important thing in small dog training is teething. In order to prevent this bad habit you will need to introduce your dog to a dog "bone toy". If the dog is still a puppy it's very likely that he will pay no attention at your furniture or shoes later, when he grows older. Just make sure you will get the new toys, when old ones are close to being broken.

What's actually fairly overlooked, that small dogs can be still dangerous. It's very important to include stopping commands like "down" or "off" in your small dog training. So if your dog tries to attack somebody (could be anyone new at your house), interrupt him immediately and don't forget to use those stopping commands. Sooner or later your dog will recognize those commands and obey.

Your small dog training repertoire should include most basic commands already when your dog is still a puppy. Like "sit", "drop" and "come". These will be beneficial on early stage because puppies like to pick everything lying on the floor in your house. 

Just repeat the command and motion (which goes along with command) over and over, until your dog gets it. Don't jump from one command to another without completely learning it first, this will ensure that your puppy will understand the whole process and action that he needs to take in order to get a treat (always treat your dog for listening to you).

So that would be tiny part of small dog training. This topic does require a lot of knowledge, so it's highly recommended to obtain some quality material on training your puppies.

What if you just can't train your little dog?

I know how hard it can be trying to teach a dog, if you don't really know what you are doing. But if you want to really make your small dog behave well in under any circumstances, you'll need to learn a single method that works amazingly well.

Finding Food That's Good for Your Dog

Just imagine the wagging tail that greets you once you step inside the house. You wouldn't dare feed him with just anything, would you? However, quality nutrition for your loyal companion is usually expensive. You would even hear of stories about pet owners selling their pets or having them adopted, because they couldn't afford the costs of keeping them anymore.

But, these days, you can purchase from online pet stores good brands that are priced cheap like Eukanuba dog food, Hills Science Diet and Royal Canin. So, you should not despair anymore. What you should think about first is what would be good for your canine companion.

First of all, they are not built for vegetarian diets. You should, therefore, feed your pet high-quality, animal-based proteins. When buying their treats and eats, you should always read the label. Usually, the first ingredient on the list is what consists most of the product. Your pet does not require a lot of carbohydrates, so you should minimize his intake of flour, wheat or corn. Whether his meal that you are buying is dry or canned, you should compare which ingredients are prioritized in the label. Of course, other things that you should check on the label are the complete vitamins and minerals your pet needs.

You should feed your canine according to life stages. A puppy should be given a puppy diet, while adult ones should get adult nutrients. Puppies need calories and vitamins more than adult canines. The adults should have less calories and energy, but more vitamins.

Sometimes special canine cases require special diet prescribed by veterinarians. Obese dogs, for instance, still need to eat, but with reduced calories. For sick dogs, you need to be more delicate in feeding. Some dogs may require a very specific diet like lamb and rice only. Others might need to have much less protein. You must consult a veterinarian about your pet's diet if you suspect or know that he has any illness.

In addition to this, canines should also be fed according to their breed. A canine's breed defines his size and function, among others. Similar to human beings, their nutritional requirements differ according to the shape of their body and their natural activities. For example, if your pet is in the medium-sized working category, he does not have the same diet needs as those of a small toy canine.

If you are a canine lover, you would be glad to know that pet nutrition companies have introduced diets that fulfill all these various requirements. You also don't need to look far for canine diets that are effective but affordable. Online pet stores today offer you recommended products like Royal Canin and Eukanuba dog food at cheap prices.

Doggy Boot Camp

So you feel like you and your dog are a little out of shape? Have you ever considered attending a doggy boot camp? Now it is safe to say that not all doggy boot camps are the same, some only focus on the dog and their obedience training, but a good number of camps are cropping up around the country that work both you and your dog. You can get more physically fit while your dog learns some obedience and burns off some calories that tend to come with the dog treats you feed your dog.

Attending Camp

In California a new concept is taking hold, you and your pet come to an exercise/ obedience training session in the park. These training camps promote the idea of your dog as your training partner. This is a great program for people of all ages and fitness levels, as the instruction will allow you to progress somewhat at your own pace.

In order to attend a training session like this your dog should be at least four months old and able to understand some basic commands. The details will differ but with the program in California, the team offers one-hour training for your dog before the regular classes begin. Your dog will also need some basic exercise equipment: a leash, training collar, mat and water. You will also need some equipment which can include free weights, mat, towel, water and of course your dog!

Do it yourself

If you do not live near one of the doggy boot camp exercise programs, you can always start your own routine. It does not have to be anything fancy just some basic exercises you can do with your dog to get fit and feel great. Walking, running, swimming and even biking are all potentially good exercise routines that you can do with your dog, though the swimming will definitely be breed specific. For instance, you will not have much luck getting a Great Pyrenees into the pool but a Labrador will beat you in!

Speaking of breeds it is important that you realize that not all breeds are cut out to be work out partners, at least not on a heavy scale. Short snouted varieties will struggle with breathing during strenuous activities so if you have a Chinese pug or other small-nosed canine you might want to keep the exercise to a minimum.

Conclusion

Dogs are great companions and most of the time they will be interested in anything you are doing. Whether you are hiking the backcountry, swimming in the pool or walking around the neighborhood your dog will enjoy it immensely. Be sure and check with your vet before starting a sudden exercise program, and remember always keep your dog on a leash!

Should You Give Green Lipped Mussel Dog Food to Your Dog?

If you have a dog that's suffering from the painful effects arthritis, you may have heard of green lipped mussel extract as an alternative form of treatment to harsh commercial drugs. You may have even discovered green lipped mussel dog food, which has the extract added to it.

Will it really help your dog though, or is it a marketing gimmick? And if so, what brand of dog food is best?

The choice can be confusing because there are many different products on the market. They fall into two main categories: dry treats for dogs that are formulated with mussel extract, or a blend of mussel extract and other ingredients targeting arthritis, and dry dog food formulated with mussel extract or a mussel extract blend. Popular brands include Pedigree Joint Care, Royal Canin Mobility Support, and GREENIES JointCare Canine Treats.

Fortunately, there have been a number of scientific studies on the use of mussel extract to cure arthritis in dogs. In one study (Improvement of Arthritis Signs in Dogs Fed Green Lipped Mussel. Tiffany Linn Bierer and Linh M. Bui) the supplement was actually given to dogs in three different ways: in formulated dry treats, in formulated dry food, and sprinkled in pure powder form over the dogs' standard food.

According to the results, the simple sprinkling of mussel powder over the dogs' standard food proved to be most effective in reducing their symptoms. A total of 83% of dogs treated this way showed improvement. This contrasted with around 50% of dogs that were fed dog food formulated with the extract.

This indicates that there's really no need to buy expensive formulated food for your dog. Instead, a quality green lipped mussel powder will do a better job of helping your dog feel better.

The recommended dosage, based on the clinical trials and dog owners' first hand experiences, is 500 mg (usually one capsule) of powder a day. This is for a medium sized dog such as a Labrador. After a month or so, when the dog has shown improvement, it's possible to decrease the dosage to around 350 mg a day.

Of course, it's extremely important to choose the right brand of mussel powder in order to get the most noticeable results. This is because the nutrients in the mussels are easily lost. The mussel flesh is highly prone to oxidization during the manufacturing process, and steaming open the mussel shells also destroys the nutrients.

Discovering New, Fun Outdoor Activities With Your Pet

Aside from the usual walks around the park, there are actually many more activities that you can do together with your dog. These different activities will not only give them the exercise that they need but can also train them in specific aspects, such as agility and obedience. And the best part is they can also be a great way for you to bond with your pet. So here are a few of the best outdoor activities that you can do on that next date out.

Adventure Hike

A new trail will be more than a welcome change for your dog. Trail hikes can expose your dogs to different kinds of terrain than the usual concrete and Bermuda grasses in the park. But of course, the new view can pose new dangers and hazards as well, so always be prepared for these. Bring a short or retractable leash to keep the rope from tangling up with branches, and get a tick collar, which can effectively repel away any parasite from making its way on to your dog's fur.

Dog Agility Trails

Agility trails are parks that are made especially for dogs. They are made out of several obstacle courses that your dog will surely have fun going through. There are ramps, balancing bridges, hurdles and many other obstacles that will give your dog that full workout. Today, more and more dog friendly communities are offering them for the residents and their pets.

Water Sports

Most dog breeds are not scared of water and will even be delighted being in one. Aside from that, going out for some water sports during the summer months can be the most fun way to chase off the summer heat while still giving them physical activity. You can play the usually catch with a twist by using waterproof and buoyant toys instead. Just make sure to throw it at a safe distance and at shallower depths.

Soccer

It might be surprising to you but dogs can make tough soccer players. They can run very fast and are as intent in getting the ball as you are. This is a fun way that allows your dog and the entire family to have fun and exercise together. What you simply need is a good wide open space and a ball (not necessarily those expensive soccer balls) that he can bite onto or push around.

Drill Team

A drill team is actually a group of people and their dogs who do synchronized dances. Although this may not be that much of a physical exercise compared to those mentioned above, this can be a great way to teach your dog discipline and obedience and help him improve his social skills towards other dogs and people.

Although physical activities in dogs should be a must, this does not mean that it should all be repetitive and boring. So if you are ready to try something new, then these are the perfect activities to start with.

Dog Illnesses: Home Remedy or Vet?

Dogs are more than mere pets, they truly become a part of the family and when they are ill, it can cause true panic. Your dog is not so different from you in that they can get a tummy ache, fever or suffer from bad dental hygiene. Like people, dogs sometimes need the service of medical professionals but in some cases, home remedies will work just as well. Your job is learning how to tell the difference and knowing how to treat them.

Diarrhea

When your dog has diarrhea it is very apparent, particularly if they are an inside dog. There are many things that can result in a bout of diarrhea including change in diet or water. During the first day or two of diarrhea, you can give your pet a small amount of Pepto or other over the counter anti-diarrhea medication. Should the problem persist or other symptoms are present you will want to call your vet and make an appointment. Other serious symptoms:

• Listlessness
• Vomiting
• Lack of appetite
• Refuses water
• Explosive diarrhea
• Extremely foul smelling feces

Any of the above-added symptoms can be an indication of canine parvovirus, a deadly disease that carries a high mortality rate. Only with quick intervention can your pet be saved.

Vomiting

Dogs can also vomit for many reasons, upset stomach due to eating something that does not agree with them or internal parasites are both common causes. Generally speaking one or two instances of vomiting is nothing to be overly concerned about, ensure they have plenty of ingested to prevent dehydration and keep an eye out for other symptoms. Many veterinarians will suggest a period of fasting from all substances, allow 24 hours for the stomach to rest and recover from common irritants. During this time, you can give them small amounts of honey or syrup to prevent hypoglycemia. Just rub a little over their gums.

If your dog's vomiting is constant and shows no signs of easing within 48 hours or you see other problems then you'll want to call the vet as soon as possible. Watch for blood, froth, worms and other foreign materials.

Fever

Many people believe that if their dog's nose is slightly warm, they have a fever but this is not necessarily true. Dogs have a higher normal body temperature than humans, typically 101-102 degrees. The best way to get an accurate reading on whether your dog has a temperature or not is by using a specially designed rectal thermometer. It is normal for your dog to run a low-grade fever for up to two days after immunization.

Other causes for fever may not be so evident. If your dog is showing severe signs of illness such as lethargy, vomiting or depression get them checked out immediately.

Conclusion

There are times when you can treat your dog at home simply with rest and a few types of over the counter remedies. However, always keep a close eye on their progress as serious illnesses can escalate rather quickly at times. As with people, early intervention is often necessary to prevent debilitation or even death.